Coffee chain names — easy first wins
- 스타벅스Starbucks (seu-ta-beok-seu)
- 투썸플레이스Twosome Place
- 이디야Ediya
- 커피빈Coffee Bean
- 메가커피Mega Coffee
Hangul dalam 30 menit
Rencana & referensi
Membaca Hangeul dalam 30 menit
Raja Sejong merancang Hangeul pada tahun 1443 agar bisa dipelajari hanya dalam satu pagi. Setelah selesai membaca halaman ini, Anda akan bisa membaca papan tanda, nama stasiun subway, dan sebagian besar nama kafe. Berbicara datang belakangan — membaca adalah kunci pembukanya.
1
Vokal — bentuknya memberi tahu bunyinya
Garis vertikal = bunyi dengan mulut vertikal; garis horizontal = bunyi dengan mulut bulat. Coretan pendek berarti menambahkan bunyi "y" di depan.
ㅏ
a
"a" as in "father".
ㅑ
ya
"ya" as in "yacht".
ㅓ
eo
"uh" sound, lips relaxed.
ㅕ
yeo
"yuh".
ㅗ
o
"o" as in "oh".
ㅛ
yo
"yo" as in "yo-yo".
ㅜ
u
"oo" as in "boot".
ㅠ
yu
"yoo".
ㅡ
eu
Like the "oo" in "good" but with spread lips.
ㅣ
i
"ee" as in "see".
1b
Vokal gabungan (dua bunyi digeser jadi satu)
Bahasa Korea menunjukkan langsung saat bunyi meluncur — vokal-vokalnya digabung secara visual.
ㅐ
ae
"e" as in "bed".
ㅒ
yae
"yeah".
ㅔ
e
Same as ㅐ in modern speech.
ㅖ
ye
"ye" as in "yes".
ㅘ
wa
"wa" as in "watt".
ㅙ
wae
"weh".
ㅚ
oe
"weh" — same as ㅙ.
ㅝ
wo
"wuh".
ㅞ
we
"weh".
ㅟ
wi
"wee".
ㅢ
ui
"eu-ee" — quick glide.
2
Konsonan — 14 dasar
Setiap bentuk konsonan menyerupai posisi mulut saat mengucapkannya. ㅁ terlihat seperti bibir tertutup, ㄱ terlihat seperti pangkal lidah yang terangkat.
ㄱ
g / k
Like the tongue position of "g" in "go"; sounds harder at start of a word.
ㄴ
n
Same as English "n".
ㄷ
d / t
Like English "d"; harder at start ("t").
ㄹ
r / l
A flap between English "r" and "l".
ㅁ
m
Same as English "m".
ㅂ
b / p
Like English "b"; harder at start ("p").
ㅅ
s
Like English "s"; gets a slight "sh" before "i" sounds.
ㅇ
— / ng
Silent when leading a syllable; "ng" as final.
ㅈ
j
Like English "j" in "jump", a bit softer.
ㅊ
ch
Aspirated "ch" (extra puff of air).
ㅋ
k
Aspirated "k".
ㅌ
t
Aspirated "t".
ㅍ
p
Aspirated "p".
ㅎ
h
Same as English "h".
2b
Konsonan tegang (rangkap)
Tegangkan otot dengan kuat, tanpa embusan udara tambahan.
ㄲ
kk
Tense / glottal "k" — no aspiration.
ㄸ
tt
Tense "t".
ㅃ
pp
Tense "p".
ㅆ
ss
Tense "s" — sharp.
ㅉ
jj
Tense "j".
3
Menyusunnya menjadi blok suku kata
Satu suku kata = konsonan + vokal, opsional ditambah konsonan penutup (받침 batchim). Setiap blok dibaca dari atas ke bawah, kiri ke kanan.
| Blok | Bunyi | Arti | Cara penyusunan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 가 | ga | "go" (verb stem) | ㄱ (g) + ㅏ (a) |
| 나 | na | I / me | ㄴ (n) + ㅏ (a) |
| 한 | han | one / Korean | ㅎ (h) + ㅏ (a) + ㄴ (n, batchim) |
| 국 | guk | country / soup | ㄱ (g) + ㅜ (u) + ㄱ (k, batchim) |
| 말 | mal | word / language / horse | ㅁ (m) + ㅏ (a) + ㄹ (l, batchim) |
| 안 | an | inside / no | ㅇ (silent) + ㅏ (a) + ㄴ (n, batchim) |
| 집 | jip | house | ㅈ (j) + ㅣ (i) + ㅂ (p, batchim) |
| 밥 | bap | rice / meal | ㅂ (b) + ㅏ (a) + ㅂ (p, batchim) |
| 물 | mul | water | ㅁ (m) + ㅜ (u) + ㄹ (l, batchim) |
| 돈 | don | money | ㄷ (d) + ㅗ (o) + ㄴ (n, batchim) |
4
Papan tanda yang bisa langsung Anda baca hari ini
Begitu Anda bisa mengeja bunyi dari blok-blok ini, sebagian besar papan tanda publik jadi terbaca.
입구
Entrance (ib-gu)
You'll see this on every door.
출구
Exit (chul-gu)
Subways number them: 1번 출구 = Exit 1.
화장실
Restroom (hwa-jang-sil)
Universal — every building.
남자
Men (nam-ja)
Restroom doors.
여자
Women (yeo-ja)
Restroom doors.
주차
Parking (ju-cha)
주차장 = parking lot.
금연
No smoking (geum-yeon)
On most building entrances.
비상구
Emergency exit (bi-sang-gu)
Green running-figure sign.
식당
Restaurant (sik-dang)
On building directories.
카페
Cafe (ka-pe)
Borrowed word — easy first read.
편의점
Convenience store (pyeon-ui-jeom)
CU, GS25 logos around it.
약국
Pharmacy (yak-guk)
Green cross + 약 character.
병원
Hospital (byeong-won)
Red cross sign too.
지하철
Subway (ji-ha-cheol)
On all underground signage.
버스
Bus (beo-seu)
Above stops and on terminals.
5
Latihan percaya diri — bacalah ini, Anda sudah tahu artinya
Brands you already know
- 맥도날드McDonald's
- 버거킹Burger King
- 서브웨이Subway (the sandwich chain)
- 아이폰iPhone (a-i-pon)
- 넷플릭스Netflix
Subway stations you'll need
- 서울역Seoul Station
- 명동Myeong-dong
- 홍대입구Hongik Univ. (Hongdae)
- 강남Gangnam
- 인천공항Incheon Airport